OR cells tend to discharge systematically at the location of several objects (if they do not code for object identity) present in the environment or at least one object (if they in addition code for object identity).
Performed new analysis showing that the effects observed after object manipulations are already observed for the very first session in the new condition consistent with the fast dynamics of spatial coding resolution adaptation.
We are thus confident that the number of mice and sessions is now sufficient to hold the main conclusions of the paper on the local effect of 3D visual cues on spatial coding resolution.
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More convincing to me would be that the visually rich environment without objects did not improve coding to the same degree as the presence of objects.
We found that spatial coding resolution was increased in the presence of local visual cues through an increase in the proportion of spatially selective place cells among active cells but also enhanced place fields' spatial selectivity and stability.
Instead, our results are more compatible with the hippocampal mapping system using local visual cues to improve its spatial coding resolution.
They go on to show that visual objects also enhance temporal coding, with theta phase precession emerging to a larger degree in the object rich compared to object poor environment.
This phenomenon, called theta phase precession, is thought to further increase spatial coding resolution because different locations within the place field that are difficult to distinguish based on firing rate alone can be accurately separated when phase is taken into account.
Garoua and Maroua, northern part of Cameroon, identify bodily excretions and discarded intimate items as tools for an instrumental sorcery, based on a continuity seen as irreducible with the body and what is rejected from it.
Alternatively, objects could represent a source of additional noise in the system thus requiring a higher number of spatially modulated cells and increased spatial selectivity for efficient position coding.
We concluded that local visual cues can globally and locally improve spatial coding accuracy at the population level.
Altogether these results indicate that local 2D visual cues can enhance the proportion of place cells among active cells and place cells' coding accuracy but to a lower extend compared to 3D virtual objects.
Burgess, 1996; Knierim and Rao, 2003; Knierim and Hamilton, 2011), local sensory cues, with a high sensory resolution, could be instrumental in setting spatial coding resolution (Hartley et al.
Our results suggest that enriching these environments with local visual cues could help comparing spatial coding in real and virtual environments.
We have modified this sentence in the Abstract and Introduction to clarify the fact that our main question is whether spatial coding resolution can quickly adapt to local features of a given environment with comparable sets of sensory cues available.
We next wondered whether the effect of objects on hippocampal spatial coding resolution could be recapitulated by having more 2D local visual cues in different positions along the track.
In the enriched maze both 2D visual and 3D visual cues were added to decipher if the coding resolution could be further improved.
Our model suggests that maintaining green space in at least an equal proportion to the built environment is likely to provide a development strategy that will enhance urban biodiversity, and with it, the positive benefits that are manifest for urban dwellers.
This is consistent with improved temporal spatial information coding in the presence of local visual cues.
